Quantum PSO algorithm for clustering in wireless sensor networks to improve network lifetime

Abstract

Clustering is done in wireless sensor networks (WSN) to conserve the energy of sensor nodes in the network. The network lifetime of WSN can be defined as the duration for which the network remains operational. It is a critical design issue in WSN�s since once a node is deployed, it may not be feasible to replace or recharge the sensor nodes. In this paper, we proposed a quantum PSO algorithm for improving network lifetime called quantum PSO clustering algorithm to improve network lifetime(QPCINL). The QPCINL uses quantum bits. A quantum bit can exist in �0� state, �1� state or a linear superposition of �0� and �1� states, unlike the binary bit which can exist in only �0� state or �1� state. We define a factor called network lifetime factor(NLF) which allows us to compare various algorithms. We test our algorithm by giving different values to the number of sensor nodes and cluster heads, varying the base station position, etc. Then, we compare our results to existing algorithms and demonstrate the superiority of our algorithm. � Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019.